The Peel

History Onion

The forces that shaped the present.

Tusi — the Persian astronomer who survived the Mongols | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 6
Biruni — the Persian who measured the Earth from a hill | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 5
Razi — the Persian doctor who doubted Galen | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 4
Omar Khayyam — the astronomer whose poems doubted paradise | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 3
Ibn Sina (Avicenna) — the Persian who read one book forty times | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 2
Al-Khwarizmi — the Persian whose name became "algorithm" | PERSIA'S GREATEST MINDS Part 1
Rubio at the Acropolis — and the Sardis Fire 18 Years Before
Egypt Elected the Muslim Brotherhood. It Lasted One Year | Part 4
Sadat Freed the Muslim Brotherhood. Who Killed Him? | Part 3
Muslim Brotherhood and Nasser: The Prison Years | Part 2
The Muslim Brotherhood began with a schoolteacher | WHO IS THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD Part 1
Nasser: The Man Who Tried to Unite the Arab World
Why Iranians still read Ferdowsi | How Iran Stayed Iran Part 3
The king who wanted poems in Persian | How Iran Stayed Iran Part 2
Why Iran doesn't speak Arabic | How Iran Stayed Iran Part 1
Nasser Resigned on Television. A Million Egyptians Said No | THE DREAM BRITAIN FEARED Part 4
Syria's Own Officers Asked Nasser to Abolish Their Country | THE DREAM BRITAIN FEARED Part 3
Britain Refused Nasser Rifles So He Took the Suez Canal | THE DREAM BRITAIN FEARED Part 2 of 4
Britain Deported One Man — And Egypt Rose the Next Day | THE DREAM BRITAIN FEARED Part 1 of 4
Nixon armed him. Then the Shah set the price of oil | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 6
The Shah sent 15,000 Iranians to save Oman's sultan | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 5
The Shah gave up Bahrain — then took three islands at Hormuz | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 4
The Shah traded the Kurds for a river in one afternoon | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 3
The steel mill the West refused — so the Shah went to Moscow | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 2
The CIA's own files said the Shah took no orders | HE WAS NEVER THEIR PUPPET — Part 1
THE SLAVES WHO BEAT THE MONGOLS | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS?
Nobody defeated the Mongols. Their own funerals did | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS? Part 5 (Finale)
They beat Poland and Hungary in 48 hours, then rode home | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS? Part 4
The caravan that destroyed a civilisation | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS? Part 3
How one million herders beat fifty million | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS? Part 2
The slave boy who became Genghis Khan | WHAT STOPPED THE MONGOLS? Part 1
The Trade War That Created Canada — 1866 | Why July 1st Is the Answer to 2026
Why Shapur carved his victory in Greek | THE KING WHO CAUGHT A CAESAR Part 4
The carving in Iran that shows a Roman emperor captured | THE KING WHO CAUGHT A CAESAR Part 3
Twenty Roman soldiers, gassed in a tunnel in 256 AD | THE KING WHO CAUGHT A CAESAR Part 2
The only man who ever captured a Roman emperor | THE KING WHO CAUGHT A CAESAR Part 1
A law student shot the prime minister — and Oslo never recovered | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 6
A settler, bombers, and a law student — how Oslo was killed | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 5
The peace was negotiated in secret — disguised as an academic seminar | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 4
The CIA officer who secretly met the PLO's spymaster for ten years | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 3
How the PLO became the richest liberation movement on earth | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 2
How Arab kings invented the PLO — and lost control of it | WHO KILLED THE PEACE? Part 1
The army that won Franco's war was Moroccan, and it came by air | WHO OWNS THE STRAIT? Part 4
Spain promised Granada its language, then banned Arabic | WHO OWNS THE STRAIT? Part 3
The king who sent for an army to save him — and lost everything | WHO OWNS THE STRAIT? Part 2
The 14 km that Spain and Morocco have fought over since 711 | WHO OWNS THE STRAIT? Part 1
History cannot tell you how this king died — Cyrus the Great | THE FIRST SHAH Part 5
Why Machiavelli and Jefferson studied this Persian king — Cyrus the Great | THE FIRST SHAH Part 4
The greatest city on earth fell without a fight — Cyrus the Great | THE FIRST SHAH Part 3
How camels beat the world's best cavalry — Cyrus the Great | THE FIRST SHAH Part 2
Why Iran blockades a 2,500 year old tomb — Cyrus the Great | THE FIRST SHAH Part 1 of 5
Reagan sold missiles to Iran for hostages — then denied it | WHEN ISRAEL ARMED IRAN Part 3
Carter told Israel not to arm Iran Israel did it anyway | WHEN ISRAEL ARMED IRAN Part 2
Israel's closest friend was Iran — and nobody could say so | WHEN ISRAEL ARMED IRAN Part 1 of 4
How the Houthis Closed the Red Sea | Part 4 of 4
The War That Made the Houthis | Part 3 of 4
How the Houthis Took Yemen's Capital | Part 2 of 4
How a Lost Mountain Kingdom Became the Houthis | Part 1 of 4
The secret deal that broke the Shah's oil price | THE SHAH WAS RIGHT — Part 4
The interviews that turned the Shah into "the tyrant" | THE SHAH WAS RIGHT — Part 3
Britain begged him for oil at a ski resort | THE SHAH WAS RIGHT — Part 2
The Shah's dying prophecy came true | THE SHAH WAS RIGHT — Part 1
Arafat died a prisoner — the machine he built outlived him | ARAFAT AND THE AYATOLLAH Part 4 of 4
Iran's revolution called Arafat "a traitor and a fool" | ARAFAT AND THE AYATOLLAH Part 3 of 4
Iran gave Arafat Israel's embassy — then the alliance cracked | ARAFAT AND THE AYATOLLAH Part 2 of 4
Arafat trained the revolution that discarded him | ARAFAT AND THE AYATOLLAH Part 1 of 4
AI is coming for your job In 1811, they smashed the machines | MACHINE RAGE Part 1 — The Luddites
Maradona — the Hand of God and the Goal of the Century
Britain Gave Faisal the Throne of Iraq — His Dynasty Was Killed in 1958 | THE KING BRITAIN MADE Part
Faisal Was Crowned King of Syria — Then France Erased It | THE KING BRITAIN MADE Part 2 of 3
Britain Promised Faisal a Kingdom — Then Carved It Up | THE KING BRITAIN MADE Part 1 of 3
Starmer Resigned The Last Time This Happened, Britain Got Churchill
Is this the end of Hezbollah? — WHO IS HEZBOLLAH Part 5 of 5
How Hezbollah lost a 40 year war in 8 weeks — WHO IS HEZBOLLAH Part 4 of 5
How Hezbollah became the master of Lebanon — WHO IS HEZBOLLAH Part 3 of 5
The truck bomb that drove America out of Lebanon — WHO IS HEZBOLLAH Part 2 of 5
How Iran forged Hezbollah from a real grievance — WHO IS HEZBOLLAH Part 1 of 5
Trump Signed the Iran Deal at Versailles — The Same Palace as 1919
Bernie Sanders Wants to Seize Half of AI — Henry Ford Found a Better Way — THEY HATED HIM TOO Part 5
The Man Who Was a One Man Federal Reserve — THEY HATED HIM TOO Part 4 J P Morgan
The Hated Bankers Who Paid for the Renaissance — THEY HATED HIM TOO Part 3 The Medici
Gates, Buffett, and the Man Who Invented Giving It All Away — THEY HATED HIM TOO Part 2 Carnegie
Elon Musk and the Man America Hated First — THEY HATED HIM TOO Part 1 Rockefeller
Iran Walks Into America at War — The White Roses of 1998
Suez 1956 — Nasser's Codeword That Seized the Canal
How SEAL Team Six ended the ten year hunt for bin Laden — Abbottabad, 2011 — RAIDERS Part 5 of 5
How America's worst desert disaster built its secret army — 1980 — RAIDERS Part 4 of 5
How Israel rescued 100 hostages 2,500 miles away — Entebbe, 1976 — RAIDERS Part 3 of 5
How Mossad snatched Adolf Eichmann from Argentina — RAIDERS Part 2 of 5
How Nazi commandos snatched Mussolini off a mountain — RAIDERS Part 1 of 5
How Britain partitioned Ireland in a single night | BORDERS BRITAIN DREW Part 4 of 4
How two men carved up the Middle East with a ruler | BORDERS BRITAIN DREW Part 3 of 4
Saddam, Gaddafi, Assad, Khamenei — Four Men Who Defied America
How Britain promised one country to two peoples in 67 words | BORDERS BRITAIN DREW Part 2 of 4
How a British barrister divided 390 million people in five weeks | BORDERS BRITAIN DREW Part 1 of 4
THE LAST SHAH — Part 8 — The Aftermath 1979–2026
THE LAST SHAH — Part 7 — The Fall 1976–1979
THE LAST SHAH — Part 6 — The Great Civilization 1971–1976
THE LAST SHAH — Part 5 — The Coronation 1963–1971
THE LAST SHAH — Part 4 — The Modernizer 1953–1963
THE LAST SHAH — Part 3: The Crown and the Coup (1952–1953)
THE LAST SHAH — Part 2: Oil and Power (1941–1952)
THE LAST SHAH — Part 1: The Beginning (1919–1941)
The Taming | Nuclear Nine — Part 8 of 8 FINALE
The Strikes | Nuclear Nine — Part 7 of 8
The Surrender | Nuclear Nine — Part 6 of 8
The Shadow | Nuclear Nine — Part 5 of 8
The Chain | Nuclear Nine — Part 4 of 8
The Patron Break | Nuclear Nine — Part 3 of 8
The Monopoly Breaks | Nuclear Nine — Part 2 of 8
The First Bomb | Nuclear Nine — Part 1 of 8
Five of the world's seven chokepoints are contested at once | THE GATES OF THE WORLD Part 4 of 4
Nasser took the Suez Canal back in one speech — and ended the British Empire | THE GATES OF THE WORL
THE GATES OF THE WORLD (PART 2 OF 4)
THE GATES OF THE WORLD (PART 1 OF 4)
FOUR DICTATORS — Part 4: Khamenei, The Last to Fall (SERIES FINALE)
FOUR DICTATORS — Part 3: Assad, The Man Who Chose to Fight
FOUR DICTATORS — Part 2: Gaddafi, The Man Who Bet Wrong
FOUR DICTATORS — Part 1: Saddam Hussein (The First to Fall)
Lincoln rewrote America in 272 words at Gettysburg | AMERICA AT 250 Part 3 of 8
How Jefferson doubled America with a check (and what it cost) | AMERICA AT 250 Part 2 of 8
How 8 farmers started America — Lexington, April 19, 1775 | AMERICA AT 250 Part 1 of 8
Every Revolution Eats Its Own — Paris 1794, Moscow 1937, Tehran 1979
Who Is the IRGC? The 47-Year Story of Iran's Shadow Army
For the first time in 50 years, America was the one asking | Part 4 of 4
How one fake stomach flu changed everything between the US and China | Part 3 of 4
How the US and China went from allies to killing each other in 8 years | Part 2 of 4 #history
The China-America Bargain - Part 1
WHO IS THE IRGC PART 4 of 4 #history #iran #geopolitics
WHO IS THE IRGC? - PART 3 OF 4 #iran #history
WHO IS THE IRGC ? - PART 2 of 4
WHO IS THE IRGC? - Part 1 of 4 #history #facts #historyfacts
Every Revolution Eats Its Own — Part 3: Paris, 1794 (FINALE) #history
Every Revolution Eats Its Own — Part 2: Moscow, 1937
Every Revolution Eats Its Own — Part 1: Tehran, 1979
The First Televised US Presidential Debate #historyfun #historychallenge #explorehistory
#europeanhistory #history #educational #facts #didyouknow
The Event that Changed the Course of Western Civilization
The Spark of the French Revolution
The Terracotta Army
The Great Wall
The Cradle of Law
The Great Pyramid's Pharaoh